This glossary is provided for your information only; it is not meant to be relied upon as a complete or authoritative description of the terms defined below or of the privacy and/or security ramifications of the technologies described.

詞彙表

authentication 驗證

The use of a password, certificate, personal identification number (PIN), or other information to validate an identity over a computer network.

以密碼、憑證、個人識別碼或其他資訊於網路上證明使用者確為其人。

bookmark 書籤

A stored web page address (<a href="#Uniform_Resource_Locator">URL</a>) that you can go to easily by clicking a bookmark icon in the Bookmarks Toolbar or choosing the bookmark's name from the Bookmarks menu.

將網頁位址 (<a href="#Uniform_Resource_Locator">URL</a>) 儲存後便稱為書籤， 您可以按下書籤工具列的圖示 (或由書籤功能表中選擇該書籤) 前往存下來的位置。

Bookmarks Toolbar 書籤工具列

The customizable toolbar that appears just below the Location Bar by default in &brandShortName;. It contains buttons for your favorite bookmarks (or folders containing groups of bookmarks) that you can add or remove.

預設會出現於 &brandShortName; 位址列下方的工具列。此工具列能供使用者自訂， 內含您最常用的書籤 (或存有其他書籤的資料夾)，亦可用以儲存或刪除書籤。

cache 快取

A collection of web page copies stored on your computer's hard disk or in its random-access memory (RAM). &brandShortName; accumulates these copies as you browse the Web. When you click a link or type a <a href="#Uniform_Resource_Locator">URL</a> to fetch a particular web page for which the cache already contains a copy, &brandShortName; compares the cached copy to the original. If there have been no changes, &brandShortName; uses the cached copy rather than refetching the original, saving processing and download time.

certificate

The digital equivalent of an ID card. A certificate specifies the name of an individual, company, or other entity and certifies that a public key, which is included in the certificate, belongs to that entity. When you digitally sign a message or other data, the digital signature for that message is created with the aid of the private key that corresponds to the public key in your certificate.

client 用戶

Software (such as an Internet browser) that sends requests to and receives information from a <a href="#server">server</a>, which is usually running on a different computer. A computer on which client software runs is also described as a client.

通常運作在不同的電腦上，請求和接收<a href="#server">伺服器</a>資訊的軟體(例如，網際網路瀏覽器)。運作用戶端軟體的電腦通常被稱為用戶。

cookie

A small bit of information stored on your computer by some web sites. When you visit such a site, the site asks &brandShortName; to place one or more cookies on your hard disk. Later, when you return to the site, &brandShortName; sends the site the cookies that belong to it. Cookies help web sites keep track of information about you, such as the contents of your shopping cart. You can set your cookies options to control how cookies are used and how much information you are willing to let web sites store on them.

cryptography

The art and practice of scrambling (encrypting) and unscrambling (decrypting) information. For example, cryptographic techniques are used to scramble and unscramble information flowing between commercial web sites and &brandShortName;.

decryption

The process of unscrambling data that has been encrypted. See also <a href="#encryption">encryption</a>.

digital ID

See <a href="#certificate">certificate</a>.

encryption 加密

The process of scrambling information in a way that disguises its meaning. For example, encrypted connections between computers make it very difficult for third-parties to unscramble, or decrypt, information flowing over the connection. Encrypted information can be decrypted only by someone who possesses the appropriate key.

藉由擾亂資訊的方式來混淆其真正意含的過程。舉例來說，電腦間的加密連線可讓其不容易被第三者解讀、或是解密連線間外流的資訊。加密的資訊只能在有適當的金鑰時被正確解密。

Extensible Markup Language (XML)

An open standard for describing data. Unlike HTML, XML allows the developer of a web page to define special tags. For more information, see the online W3C document <a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/">Extensible Markup Language (XML)</a>.

feed

An <a href="#XML">XML</a> web page that contains a list of links to other web pages. Special programs can read feeds to create a list of headlines from the links, automatically updating the list as it changes. News web sites use feeds to quickly publish the latest headlines, and personal online journals often use feeds to quickly notify visitors about new entries. See also <a href="#live_bookmark">Live Bookmark</a>.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) 文件傳送協定 (FTP)

A standard that allows users to transfer files from one computer to another over a network. You can use &brandShortName; to fetch files using FTP.

一種可讓使用者在網路上傳送檔案至其他電腦的標準。 您可以藉由 &brandShortName; 運行 FTP 來取得這些檔案。

FIPS PUBS 140-1

Federal Information Processing Standards Publications (FIPS PUBS) 140-1 is a US government standard for implementations of cryptographic modules — hardware or software that encrypts and decrypts data or performs other cryptographic operations (such as creating or verifying digital signatures). Many products sold to the US government must comply with one or more of the FIPS standards.

home page 首頁

The page &brandShortName; is set to display every time you launch it or when you click the Home button. Also used to refer to the main page for a web site from which you can explore the rest of the site.

當您每次執行 &brandShortName; 時或是按下首頁按鈕時會顯示的預設頁面。通常是指可以讓您瀏覽該網站其餘頁面的首頁部份。

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) 超文本標記語言標準 (HTML)

The document format used for web pages. The HTML standard defines tags, or codes, used to define the text layout, fonts, style, images, and other elements that make up a web page.

指網頁的文件格式。 超文本標記語言標準定義了標籤或是程式碼來定義文字的布局、字型、樣式、圖片或是其他可組成網頁的元素。

Internet 網際網路

A worldwide network of millions of computers that communicate with each other using standard protocols such as <a href="#Transmission_Control_Protocol_Internet_Protocol">TCP/IP</a>. Originally developed for the US military in 1969, the Internet grew to include educational and research institutions and, in the late 1990s, millions of businesses, organizations, and individuals. Today the Internet is used for email, browsing the <a href="#World_Wide_Web">World Wide Web</a>, instant messaging, mailing lists and usegroups, and many other purposes.

數以百萬計使用<a href="#Transmission_Control_Protocol_Internet_Protocol">TCP/IP</a>作為連接彼此的通訊協定的世界性電腦網路。於1969年由美國國防部制定，網際網路的成長包括教育及研究機構，並且於1990年代末期更包含了數以百萬計的商業、機構以及個人用戶。今日，網際網路可用來收送電子郵件、瀏覽<a href="#World_Wide_Web">網際網路</a>、即時傳訊、郵遞清單及群組以及滿足其他需求。

Internet protocol address (IP address)

The address of a computer on a <a href="#Transmission_Control_Protocol_Internet_Protocol">TCP/IP</a> network. Every computer on the Internet has an IP address. <a href="#client">Clients</a> have either a permanent IP address or one that is dynamically assigned to them each time they connect with the network.

Java

A programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. A single Java program can run on many different kinds of computers, thus avoiding the need for programmers to create a separate version of each program for each kind of computer. After Java is installed, &brandShortName; can automatically download and run Java programs (also called applets).

JavaScript

A scripting language commonly used to construct web pages. Programmers use JavaScript to make web pages more interactive; JavaScript is often used to dynamically validate forms and select buttons. JavaScript can be used with Java, but it is technically a separate language. Java is not required for JavaScript to work correctly.

Live Bookmark 即時書籤

A special type of bookmark that acts as a folder to contain the links in a <a href="#feed">feed</a>. You can create a Live Bookmark by visiting a site with a feed, clicking on the Live Bookmark icon in the Location Bar, and selecting the feed you wish to use.

一種資料夾型態的特殊書籤類型，包含了<a href="#feed">feed</a>的鍊結。當您瀏覽擁有 feed 的網站時您可以建立 Live Bookmark，或是按下位址列上的 Live Bookmark 圖示並選擇您想使用的 feed。

Location Bar 位址列

The field (and associated buttons) near the top of a &brandShortName; window where you can type a <a href="#Uniform_Resource_Locator">URL</a> or search terms.

接近 &brandShortName; 視窗頂端的區域(包含相關的按鈕)，您可以在這裡鍵入<a href="#Uniform_Resource_Locator">URL</a>或是要搜尋的項目。

master password 主密碼

A password used to protect saved passwords and other private data. &brandShortName; will prompt you for your master password when you wish to access this data. If you have multiple security devices, each security device will require a separate master password.

用以保護已儲存的密碼和其他私密資料的密碼。當您要訪問這些資料時 &brandShortName; 會提示您需這這組密碼。假如你有多組機密的設備，每組設備均需要一組私有的主密碼。

Navigation Toolbar 瀏覽工具列

The toolbar near the top of the &brandShortName; window that includes the Back and Forward buttons.

最靠近 &brandShortName; 視窗頂端的工具列，預設包含上一頁與下一頁的按鈕。

Password Manager 密碼管理員

The part of &brandShortName; that can help you remember some or all of your names and passwords by storing them on your computer's hard disk and entering them for you automatically when you visit such sites.

&brandShortName; 中用來幫助您記憶部份或全部的使用者名稱與密碼的功能，這些資料通常會在您電腦的硬碟中並且當您瀏覽這些網站時會自動幫您鍵入。

PKCS #11

The public-key cryptography standard that governs security devices such as smart cards.

Plugin

Plugins add new capabilities to &brandShortName;, such as the ability to play audio or video clips. Unlike other kinds of helper applications, a Plugin installs itself into the Plugins directory within the main &brandShortName; installation directory and typically can be opened within &brandShortName; itself (internally). For example, an audio Plugin lets you listen to audio files on a web page or in an e-mail message. Macromedia Flash Player and Java are both examples of Plugin applications.

private key 私鑰

One of a pair of keys used in public-key cryptography. The private key is kept secret and is used to decrypt data that has been encrypted with the corresponding public key.

公開金鑰密碼組中的一部分。私密金鑰被妥善保管用來解密以正確的公開金鑰所加密的資料。

proxy 代理伺服器

An intermediary or "go-between" program that acts as both a <a href="#server">server</a> and a <a href="#client">client</a> for the purpose of making requests on behalf of other clients.

在<a href="#server">伺服器</a>與<a href="#client">用戶</a>中間作為中介或 "中間人" 的程式，負責送出需求的動作到其他的用戶端。

search engine 搜尋引擎

A web-based program that allows users to search for and retrieve specific information from the World Wide Web. The search engine may search the full text of web documents or a list of keywords; it may also use librarians who review web documents and index them manually for retrieval. Typically, the user types a word or phrase into a search box, and the search engine displays links to relevant web pages.

一種以網頁為基礎，可能使用者搜尋並接收網際網路上特定資訊的程式。搜尋引擎可供搜尋網頁文件的完整文字內容或是關鍵字列表，他也可能使用程式管理員手動檢索取回的網頁文件和目錄資料。通常使用者會在搜尋框鍵入文字或片語，而搜尋引擎會將跟其有關連的鍊結顯示出來。

secure site 安全網站

A site that uses <a href="#encryption">encryption</a> in connections with &brandShortName; to prevent other malicious Internet users from viewing transmitted data. When you visit secure sites, &brandShortName; displays a lock icon in the <a href="#Status_Bar">Status Bar</a> and the <a href="#location_bar">Location Bar</a>. &brandShortName; also displays the site's domain name in the Status Bar (to prevent malicious sites from stealing your data) and turns the background of the Location Bar to yellow.

Some sites may consist of both secure and insecure data; the insecure data usually is non-private, although it isn't guaranteed to be so. For such sites &brandShortName; will display a lock icon with a slash through it in the Status Bar and Location Bar and will not display the site's domain name in the Status Bar so that you know that the current web page isn't completely secure.

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

A protocol that allows mutual authentication between a <a href="#client">client</a> and a <a href="#server">server</a> for the purpose of establishing an authenticated and encrypted connection. SSL runs above TCP/IP and below HTTP, LDAP, IMAP, NNTP, and other high-level network protocols. The new Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard called Transport Layer Security (TLS) is based on SSL. See also <a href="#authentication">authentication</a>, <a href="#encryption">encryption</a>.

server 伺服器

Software (such as software that serves up web pages) that receives requests from and sends information to a <a href="#client">client</a>, which is usually running on a different computer. A computer on which server software runs is also described as a server.

通常運作在不同的電腦上，接受請求和送出資訊給<a href="#client">用戶端</a>的軟體(例如，提供網頁功能的軟體)。運作伺服器端軟體的電腦通常被稱為伺服器。

Status Bar 狀態列

The toolbar that appears at the bottom of any &brandShortName; window. It shows status icons on the right.

顯示在所有 &brandShortName; 視窗下方的工具列。他會在其右側顯示狀態圖示。

TLS

See <a href="#Secure_Sockets_Layer">Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)</a>.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

A Unix protocol used to connect computers running a variety of operating systems. TCP/IP is an essential Internet protocol and has become a global standard.

一種用來連接運行不同作業系統的 UNIX 通訊協定。TCP/IP 是一個非常出色的網際網路通訊協定並且成為一項全球的標準。

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

The standardized address that tells &brandShortName; how to locate a file or other resource on the Web (for example, http://www.mozilla.org). Type URLs into &brandShortName;'s Location Bar to access web pages. URLs are also used in the links on web pages go to other web pages. Also known as an Internet or Web address.

web page 網頁

A single document on the World Wide Web that is specified by a unique address or URL. A web page may contain text, hyperlinks, and graphics.

網際網路上被指定特別的位址或 URL 的單一文件。王頁上可能會包含文字、超鏈結以及圖片。

web site 網站

A group of related web pages linked by hyperlinks and managed by a single company, organization, or individual. A web site may include text, graphics, audio and video files, and links to other web sites.

一群由企業、機構或個人所維護，藉由超鏈結所串起的相關網頁。網站可能包含文字、圖片、聲音或影像檔案以及與其他網站間的鍊結。

World Wide Web 全球資訊網

Also known as the Web. A portion of the Internet that is made up of web pages stored by web <a href="#server">servers</a> and displayed by <a href="#client">clients</a> called web browsers (such as &brandShortName;).

亦稱為 Web，以<a href="#server">伺服器</a>上的網頁所組成，為網際網路的一部分。閱覽網頁用的<a href="#client">客戶端程式</a>即稱為瀏覽器 (例如 &brandShortName;)。

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